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Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-14 by Ken Stuempges

If air is good, can Ozone be better?  

I cobbled up a small Corona-type Ozone Generator, and am pumping Ozone into my etching solution, rather than plain air.  It would seem to me that that could be even better than straight Oxygen.  Unfortunately (for testing purposes), my etchant really does not require regeneration at this time, so I can't compare the results.

Perhaps Mr Seychell could add some light.  I looked at his equation 4 from his excellent site  
       
[4]     2HCl {aq} + 2CuCl {aq} + O {aq} \u2192  2CuCl2 {aq}  + H2O{aq}  

and wonder what the result using Ozone would be ?

I realize Ozone is highly reactive, and might affect my cheap air pump, as well as do something to the tubing - over time - 
Also wonder if any ill effects might result from this - reacting differently to the HCl perhaps . . .

As you all can probably tell, I seem to have entirely too much time on my hands - but when your retired it is no problem.  
Just "thinking outside the box" again.

Any comments?

Ken

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Stefan Trethan

I'm not familiar with ozone generation, but doesn't it just convert
oxygen from air to ozone? Or do you think the ozone is more efficient
in regeneration than plain air (with oxygen)?

ST
Show quoted textHide quoted text
On Tue, Jul 14, 2009 at 11:18 PM, Ken Stuempges<ozarkshermit@...> wrote:
> If air is good, can Ozone be better?
>
> I cobbled up a small Corona-type Ozone Generator, and am pumping Ozone into my etching solution, rather than plain air.  It would seem to me that that could be even better than straight Oxygen.  Unfortunately (for testing purposes), my etchant really does not require regeneration at this time, so I can't compare the results.
>
> Perhaps Mr Seychell could add some light.  I looked at his equation 4 from his excellent site
>
> [4]     2HCl {aq} + 2CuCl {aq} + O {aq} \u2192  2CuCl2 {aq}  + H2O{aq}
>
> and wonder what the result using Ozone would be ?
>
> I realize Ozone is highly reactive, and might affect my cheap air pump, as well as do something to the tubing - over time -
> Also wonder if any ill effects might result from this - reacting differently to the HCl perhaps . . .
>
> As you all can probably tell, I seem to have entirely too much time on my hands - but when your retired it is no problem.
> Just "thinking outside the box" again.
>
> Any comments?
>
> Ken
>
>

Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Ken Stuempges

Yes - Ozone generation converts the oxygen in the air to ozone.  Since oxygen is O2 and ozone is O3, and highly reactive, (it wants to revert back to O2 and O )it would seem to me that it would be more efficient.  
Generating ozone is super simple, you just need a high voltage transformer (like a neon sign transformer), and a glass tube or jar with foil or screen inside and out.  High voltage is applied to the two screens, and the resulting corona produces ozone - lots of it.  It does not make any more oxygen than was already in the air (aprox 21%), but the resulting highly reactive ozone might speed up the regen process.  
I have no idea if it will be more efficient or not, just another idea in a long series of various ideas on regeneration.

For the faint of heart, it does use high voltage, and could hurt if your are not careful. 

Do a google search on ozone generator plans - - lots of "pot-head doper" websites out there with plans- they use ozone to help grow their dope.

Ken

--- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, Stefan Trethan <stefan_trethan@...> wrote:
Show quoted textHide quoted text
>
> I'm not familiar with ozone generation, but doesn't it just convert
> oxygen from air to ozone? Or do you think the ozone is more efficient
> in regeneration than plain air (with oxygen)?
> 
> ST
> 
> On Tue, Jul 14, 2009 at 11:18 PM, Ken Stuempges<ozarkshermit@...> wrote:
> > If air is good, can Ozone be better?
> >
> > I cobbled up a small Corona-type Ozone Generator, and am pumping Ozone into my etching solution, rather than plain air.  It would seem to me that that could be even better than straight Oxygen.  Unfortunately (for testing purposes), my etchant really does not require regeneration at this time, so I can't compare the results.
> >
> > Perhaps Mr Seychell could add some light.  I looked at his equation 4 from his excellent site
> >
> > [4]     2HCl {aq} + 2CuCl {aq} + O {aq} \u2192  2CuCl2 {aq}  + H2O{aq}
> >
> > and wonder what the result using Ozone would be ?
> >
> > I realize Ozone is highly reactive, and might affect my cheap air pump, as well as do something to the tubing - over time -
> > Also wonder if any ill effects might result from this - reacting differently to the HCl perhaps . . .
> >
> > As you all can probably tell, I seem to have entirely too much time on my hands - but when your retired it is no problem.
> > Just "thinking outside the box" again.
> >
> > Any comments?
> >
> > Ken
> >
> >
>

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by leon Heller

----- Original Message ----- 
Show quoted textHide quoted text
From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...>
To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 12:31 PM
Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme




Yes - Ozone generation converts the oxygen in the air to ozone.  Since 
oxygen is O2 and ozone is O3, and highly reactive, (it wants to revert back 
to O2 and O )it would seem to me that it would be more efficient.
Generating ozone is super simple, you just need a high voltage transformer 
(like a neon sign transformer), and a glass tube or jar with foil or screen 
inside and out.  High voltage is applied to the two screens, and the 
resulting corona produces ozone - lots of it.  It does not make any more 
oxygen than was already in the air (aprox 21%), but the resulting highly 
reactive ozone might speed up the regen process.
I have no idea if it will be more efficient or not, just another idea in a 
long series of various ideas on regeneration.

For the faint of heart, it does use high voltage, and could hurt if your are 
not careful.

Do a google search on ozone generator plans - - lots of "pot-head doper" 
websites out there with plans- they use ozone to help grow their dope.


The ozone concentration will be very small, and the effect will probably be 
minimal.

Leon

Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Ken Stuempges

--- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, "leon Heller" <leon355@...> wrote:
>
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...>
> To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
> Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 12:31 PM
> Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Yes - Ozone generation converts the oxygen in the air to ozone.  Since 
> oxygen is O2 and ozone is O3, and highly reactive, (it wants to revert back 
> to O2 and O )it would seem to me that it would be more efficient.
> Generating ozone is super simple, you just need a high voltage transformer 
> (like a neon sign transformer), and a glass tube or jar with foil or screen 
> inside and out.  High voltage is applied to the two screens, and the 
> resulting corona produces ozone - lots of it.  It does not make any more 
> oxygen than was already in the air (aprox 21%), but the resulting highly 
> reactive ozone might speed up the regen process.
> I have no idea if it will be more efficient or not, just another idea in a 
> long series of various ideas on regeneration.
> 
> For the faint of heart, it does use high voltage, and could hurt if your are 
> not careful.
> 
> Do a google search on ozone generator plans - - lots of "pot-head doper" 
> websites out there with plans- they use ozone to help grow their dope.
> 
> 
> The ozone concentration will be very small, and the effect will probably be 
> minimal.
> 
> Leon
>

What method did you use when you made ozone?  I wonder since the concentration using corona discharge is quite large, although I do not know about the effect in regeneration..

Ken

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by leon Heller

----- Original Message ----- 
Show quoted textHide quoted text
From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...>
To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 2:27 PM
Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme


> --- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, "leon Heller" <leon355@...> wrote:
>>
>> ----- Original Message ----- 
>> From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...>
>> To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
>> Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 12:31 PM
>> Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Yes - Ozone generation converts the oxygen in the air to ozone.  Since
>> oxygen is O2 and ozone is O3, and highly reactive, (it wants to revert 
>> back
>> to O2 and O )it would seem to me that it would be more efficient.
>> Generating ozone is super simple, you just need a high voltage 
>> transformer
>> (like a neon sign transformer), and a glass tube or jar with foil or 
>> screen
>> inside and out.  High voltage is applied to the two screens, and the
>> resulting corona produces ozone - lots of it.  It does not make any more
>> oxygen than was already in the air (aprox 21%), but the resulting highly
>> reactive ozone might speed up the regen process.
>> I have no idea if it will be more efficient or not, just another idea in 
>> a
>> long series of various ideas on regeneration.
>>
>> For the faint of heart, it does use high voltage, and could hurt if your 
>> are
>> not careful.
>>
>> Do a google search on ozone generator plans - - lots of "pot-head doper"
>> websites out there with plans- they use ozone to help grow their dope.
>>
>>
>> The ozone concentration will be very small, and the effect will probably 
>> be
>> minimal.
>>
>> Leon
>>
>
> What method did you use when you made ozone?  I wonder since the 
> concentration using corona discharge is quite large, although I do not 
> know about the effect in regeneration..

What is the concentration?

Leon

Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Ken Stuempges

I have absolutely no idea what the concentration is.  What was your experience ?  (concentration I mean)

I have the generator and air pump enclosed in an (almost) airtight container, with enough leakage so the ozone pumped out will be replaced by outside air, to be converted into more ozone.

The concentration is enough that I can still smell the ozone coming out of of my etchant tank, after being bubbled in by very tiny bubbles.

After a short time I can smell the ozone through out the room.

Ken


--- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, "leon Heller" <leon355@...> wrote:
Show quoted textHide quoted text
>
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...>
> To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
> Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 2:27 PM
> Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme
> 
> 
> > --- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, "leon Heller" <leon355@> wrote:
> >>
> >> ----- Original Message ----- 
> >> From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@>
> >> To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
> >> Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 12:31 PM
> >> Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> Yes - Ozone generation converts the oxygen in the air to ozone.  Since
> >> oxygen is O2 and ozone is O3, and highly reactive, (it wants to revert 
> >> back
> >> to O2 and O )it would seem to me that it would be more efficient.
> >> Generating ozone is super simple, you just need a high voltage 
> >> transformer
> >> (like a neon sign transformer), and a glass tube or jar with foil or 
> >> screen
> >> inside and out.  High voltage is applied to the two screens, and the
> >> resulting corona produces ozone - lots of it.  It does not make any more
> >> oxygen than was already in the air (aprox 21%), but the resulting highly
> >> reactive ozone might speed up the regen process.
> >> I have no idea if it will be more efficient or not, just another idea in 
> >> a
> >> long series of various ideas on regeneration.
> >>
> >> For the faint of heart, it does use high voltage, and could hurt if your 
> >> are
> >> not careful.
> >>
> >> Do a google search on ozone generator plans - - lots of "pot-head doper"
> >> websites out there with plans- they use ozone to help grow their dope.
> >>
> >>
> >> The ozone concentration will be very small, and the effect will probably 
> >> be
> >> minimal.
> >>
> >> Leon
> >>
> >
> > What method did you use when you made ozone?  I wonder since the 
> > concentration using corona discharge is quite large, although I do not 
> > know about the effect in regeneration..
> 
> What is the concentration?
> 
> Leon
>

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Stefan Trethan

I think you can smell very low concentrations of ozone (while we are
at throwing about vague statements without any numbers I might as well
join in.)

ST
Show quoted textHide quoted text
On Wed, Jul 15, 2009 at 4:10 PM, Ken Stuempges<ozarkshermit@...> wrote:
> I have absolutely no idea what the concentration is.  What was your experience ?  (concentration I mean)
>
> I have the generator and air pump enclosed in an (almost) airtight container, with enough leakage so the ozone pumped out will be replaced by outside air, to be converted into more ozone.
>
> The concentration is enough that I can still smell the ozone coming out of of my etchant tank, after being bubbled in by very tiny bubbles.
>
> After a short time I can smell the ozone through out the room.
>
> Ken
>

Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Ken Stuempges

OK  OK  OK  
Enough already.  Based on everyone's vast experience, it won't work, will never work, can't possibly work.  
I will cease posting anything further regarding this topic, or any other ideas, failures, or successes I might have, and go back to lurking.

Ken


--- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, Stefan Trethan <stefan_trethan@...> wrote:
Show quoted textHide quoted text
>
> I think you can smell very low concentrations of ozone (while we are
> at throwing about vague statements without any numbers I might as well
> join in.)
> 
> ST
> 
> On Wed, Jul 15, 2009 at 4:10 PM, Ken Stuempges<ozarkshermit@...> wrote:
> > I have absolutely no idea what the concentration is.  What was your experience ?  (concentration I mean)
> >
> > I have the generator and air pump enclosed in an (almost) airtight container, with enough leakage so the ozone pumped out will be replaced by outside air, to be converted into more ozone.
> >
> > The concentration is enough that I can still smell the ozone coming out of of my etchant tank, after being bubbled in by very tiny bubbles.
> >
> > After a short time I can smell the ozone through out the room.
> >
> > Ken
> >
>

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by leon Heller

----- Original Message ----- 
Show quoted textHide quoted text
From: "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...>
To: <Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 3:10 PM
Subject: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme


>I have absolutely no idea what the concentration is.  What was your 
>experience ?  (concentration I mean)
>
> I have the generator and air pump enclosed in an (almost) airtight 
> container, with enough leakage so the ozone pumped out will be replaced by 
> outside air, to be converted into more ozone.
>
> The concentration is enough that I can still smell the ozone coming out of 
> of my etchant tank, after being bubbled in by very tiny bubbles.
>
> After a short time I can smell the ozone through out the room.

I've never tried it. It's probably quite low, which is why I said that it 
might be ineffective. If you can smell it coming out of the etchant, it 
doesn't look like much of it is getting into the solution.

Leon

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Stefan Trethan

I really didn't mean it badly.
I haven't the slightest idea how much of air oxygen is used during
regeneration and how much just uselessly bubbles out, so even very low
concentrations of ozone might work.

ST
Show quoted textHide quoted text
On Wed, Jul 15, 2009 at 4:23 PM, Ken Stuempges<ozarkshermit@...> wrote:
> OK  OK  OK
> Enough already.  Based on everyone's vast experience, it won't work, will never work, can't possibly work.
> I will cease posting anything further regarding this topic, or any other ideas, failures, or successes I might have, and go back to lurking.
>
> Ken
>

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Stefan Trethan

Yes, but how much of the oxygen is coming out too? I bet there is
little difference between the air that goes in and comes out, even
with nice small bubbles.

ST
Show quoted textHide quoted text
On Wed, Jul 15, 2009 at 4:26 PM, leon Heller<leon355@...> wrote:
> If you can smell it coming out of the etchant, it
> doesn't look like much of it is getting into the solution.
>
> Leon
>
>

Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Yngve

Any liquid will absorb just as much gas as it can hold. Partial pressures and all that stuff. Anything in excess of that will just bubble through. Even if starting with a perfectly degassed liquid there's a maximum absorption rate so there will be bubbles going through too.

I tried an ozone generator a couple of years ago but didn't note much difference. But it was a pretty uncontrolled ad-hoc setup, so don't take my word for it. If someone does make a controlled experiment please let us know.

How about those tap-water ozonizers, are there any reports that they really work?

Yngve.

--- On Wed, 7/15/09, Stefan Trethan <stefan_trethan@...> wrote:
Show quoted textHide quoted text
From: Stefan Trethan <stefan_trethan@...>
Subject: Re: [Homebrew_PCBs] Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme
To: Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com
Date: Wednesday, July 15, 2009, 11:31 AM











    
            
            


      
      Yes, but how much of the oxygen is coming out too? I bet there is

little difference between the air that goes in and comes out, even

with nice small bubbles.



ST



On Wed, Jul 15, 2009 at 4:26 PM, leon Heller<leon355@btinternet. com> wrote:

> If you can smell it coming out of the etchant, it

> doesn't look like much of it is getting into the solution.

>

> Leon

>

>


 

      

    
    
	
	 
	
	








	


	
	


      

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Dave

--- In Homebrew_PCBs@yahoogroups.com, "Ken Stuempges" <ozarkshermit@...> wrote:
>
> OK  OK  OK  
> Enough already.  Based on everyone's vast experience, it won't work, will never work, can't possibly work.  

Oh, I don't know that it can't work.  In any case, you've opened up
a few ideas which should be explored.  

Normally, humans are quite sensitive to Ozone (.01 PPM), and, in 
some, quite small quantities can cause quite violent headaches, 
(.1-1 PPM), lung irritation, etc.  So, it doesn't take a lot of 
Ozone to cause some problems (OSHA PEL of .1 PPM, NIOSH IDLH limit 
of 5 PPM.).

Additionally, the process of producing Ozone may also produce other
highly reactive materials when using air as the starting source.
Various Oxides of Nitrogen may also be produced, some of which have
some strange effects (laughing gas, toxicity, etc.).  So, some care
needs to be exercised in Ozone production.

The question really becomes whether the Ozone will penetrate the
water and react with the Copper compounds (which I can't/won't
answer here).

But, thinking about this a little farther makes one wonder if there
are conditions for pushing more Oxygen into the water.  The
solubility of most gases in water increases at lower temperatures.
Thus, chilling the solution might increase the Oxygenation of it.
On the other hand, chilling also tends to slow down chemical 
reactions, too, so anyone running the equations would have to factor
this in (Or, maybe it would be easier to do it empirically?).

Would increasing the pressure the solution is under lead to more
concentration of Oxygen in the solution (Ack!  Don't rupture the 
container and spray the stuff all over the place, though.)?

Are there any catalysts which could speed up the reaction?  

> I will cease posting anything further regarding this topic, or any other ideas, failures, or successes I might have, and go back to lurking.

Yeah, I'm a lurker, too, but sometimes it's good to speak up when
your brain gets stimulated.  :-)

Now, if I only had the time to actually try some of these things.

> Ken

Dave

Re: Yet another CuCl Regeneration Scheme

2009-07-15 by Andrew

> Ken wrote:
> <SNIP stuf about CuCl>
>
> Do a google search on ozone generator
> plans - - lots of "pot-head doper"
> websites out there with plans- they
> use ozone to help grow their dope.

They use it to help neutralise the
smell of the dope.  It (O3) is probably
as toxic to plants as it is to people.

CO2 is what they use to help it grow.

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