The wedge allows you to do a range of "exposures" at one time, and since it's calibrated(ish) the results tell you what actual exposure to use.
For example, if you do a test run at 10 cm/sec laser travel, and the results are "held at step 10" but the resist says it wants step 8, and you're using a 21-step wedge (1.414x per step), you need to double the laser speed to 20 cm/sec or cut the energy in half.