[sdiy] CA3130 in Polyfusion Noise module...should a new one work?

[Mike I.]

The way the CA3130 is powered (ground and  V+) in that schematic is correct,
the circuit is somewhat weird as it makes use of the ability of the CA3130
inputs to operate at slight negative voltages ( a few hundred mV below
ground), in order to AC-couple the small noise voltage signal  from the
diode to the (+) input which sits at ground.

For testing, I would just use a TL071, operating from +/- 15V. Leave the
rest of the circuit unchanged. When you get a FET-input op amp with better
gain-bandwidth product (perhaps a TL070 with small compensation cap),
replace the TL071.
Mike